Inorganic electrochromic materials are mostly transition metal oxides or their derivatives. This is due to the presence of unpaired single electrons in the d orbitals of transition metal elements. Transition metal element ions are generally easy to color, and the energy difference between the ground state and the excited state is small. The electronic layer structure of metal in oxide is unstable, and the valence state can be changed reversibly under certain conditions, forming a mixed valence state ion coexistence state, and its color changes with the change of ion valence state and concentration. According to the color changing characteristics, it can be divided into cathodic electrochromic materials and anodic electrochromic materials.
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