Tungsten pentachloride is a dark blue needle crystal that flashes black light. The relative density is 3.88, the melting point is 248°C, and the boiling point is 275.6°C. It is extremely sensitive to moisture and water. It forms a green surface film when placed in the air, and decomposes into W2O5 in water. If heated in air, tungsten oxychloride WOCl4 is generated. It can decompose in most polar solvents, but it is slightly soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon disulfide. Its vapor is light blue-green.
Tungsten pentachloride is a black paramagnetic solid that deliquesces. It decomposes immediately in water and is slightly soluble in dry carbon disulfide. Dimeric, tungsten pentachloride has the same crystal structure as molybdenum pentachloride. The structure of tungsten pentachloride in the gas phase is trigonal bipyramidal WCl5 monomer.
Soluble in acetonitrile, benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide and other organic solvents. Reacts with primary amines to easily generate amine compounds. Soluble in water and undergo hydrolysis to produce blue oxide W20O58. It can be prepared by reducing tungsten hexachloride with red phosphorus at 250-280°C or by reducing tungsten hexachloride with hydrogen at 380-400°C. It can also be produced by disproportionation reaction of tungsten tetrachloride be made of. Used in the synthesis of tungsten organics.
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