Phosphotungstic acid is thermally stable below 400 °C, and it is more stable than silicotungstic acid H4SiW12O40 with a similar structure. Phosphotungstic acid can absorb a large number of polar molecules, such as pyridine, and it is not adsorbed on the surface, but adsorbed to the inner surface of the molecule. Solid-state NMR studies on adsorbed ethanol revealed the following protonated dimer (C2H5OH)2H+ and monomer C2H5OH2+.
Phosphotungstic acid is less sensitive to reduction reactions than phosphomolybdic acid. Brown compounds are produced when reduced by uric acid or ferrous sulfate. At this point in other Keggin structures, a W3 structure would become a cluster of metal-metal bonds, three W(IV) octahedrons with shared edges.
Phosphotungstic acid is the strongest heteropoly acid. Its conjugate base is PW12O403−, and its acidic study in acetic acid found that the three protons are independently dissociated and have the same strength. Some studies estimate that the acidity of phosphotungstic acid is higher than H0=−13.16, which can be regarded as the standard of super acid. This acidity means that even at low pH values, phosphotungstic acid is still completely decomposed.
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