Tungsten oxide (WO3) can exist in a variety of crystal phases, the most common of which are three main phases: monoclinic phase, tetragonal phase and hexagonal phase. The structures and properties of these phases are slightly different.
Monoclinic Phase Tungsten Oxide
Monoclinic phase is the most stable phase of tungsten oxide, and it is also a common phase. It has a monoclinic structure with some degree of distortion in the crystal structure. Monoclinic tungsten oxide has higher electrical conductivity and better optical properties.
Tetragonal Phase Tungsten Oxide
The tetragonal phase is a high-temperature phase of tungsten oxide, which will transform into a tetragonal phase when tungsten oxide is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment. The tetragonal phase has a tetragonal structure, and the tungsten and oxygen atoms in the crystal are arranged into a tetragonal unit cell. This phase is unstable at room temperature and will transform into a monoclinic phase.
Hexagonal Phase Tungsten Oxide
The hexagonal phase is another common phase of tungsten oxide, which has a hexagonal structure. Tungsten oxide in the hexagonal phase has high resistivity and weak optical absorption, and has excellent optoelectronic properties. The hexagonal phase can also be achieved by changing the preparation conditions or adding specific additives. The existence and transformation of these crystal phases can be affected by factors such as temperature, pressure, preparation method and additives. Different phases of tungsten oxide have different physical, chemical and optical properties, so suitable phases can be selected for use in different applications.
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