There are many ways to recover nitric acid after tungsten nitrate precipitation. The following are some common methods, which are expressed and summarized in points according to the information in the reference article:
Nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
Principle of nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
The nitric acid is evaporated by heating the nitric acid-containing waste liquid, and then the nitric acid product is obtained by condensation.
Characteristics of nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
The operation is simple, but the energy consumption is high and the equipment is highly corrosive. In order to improve the recovery efficiency, sulfuric acid is usually added as an auxiliary agent during the distillation process to reduce the boiling point of nitric acid.
Steps of nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
The nitric acid-containing waste liquid is heated to a certain temperature, and the nitric acid evaporates and is collected after condensation in a condenser.
Nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
Principle of nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
The nitric acid in the aqueous phase is extracted by the organic phase using the different affinity between the organic solvent and nitric acid.
Characteristics of nitric acid distillation method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
The energy consumption is relatively low and it can be operated continuously. However, the selection of extractants is critical. It is necessary to find a solvent that can effectively extract nitric acid and easily recover nitric acid from the extraction phase.
Steps of the distillation method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
Select an appropriate extractant and mix it with the nitrate-containing waste liquid. The nitric acid enters the organic phase, and then the organic phase is separated to recover the nitric acid.
Adsorption method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
Principle of the adsorption method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
Use a specific adsorbent, such as activated carbon or ion exchange resin, to adsorb nitric acid in the waste liquid. After adsorption, the nitric acid is desorbed from the adsorbent by a suitable desorbent.
Features of the adsorption method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
The adsorption system can be designed for waste liquids of different concentrations, which is highly flexible.
Steps of the adsorption method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
The nitrate-containing waste liquid is passed through the adsorbent, and the nitric acid is adsorbed on the adsorbent. Then, the nitric acid is desorbed from the adsorbent by a desorbent to recover the nitric acid.
Electrochemical method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
Principle of the electrochemical method for recovering nitric acid by tungsten nitrate precipitation
Nitric acid is reduced to nitrogen and water by electrolysis of nitrate-containing waste liquid, or converted into other useful compounds.
Characteristics of the electrochemical method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
Environmentally friendly and innovative, but with high technical requirements and the need to precisely control electrolytic conditions.
Steps of the electrochemical method for recovering nitric acid from tungsten nitrate precipitation
Place the nitrate-containing waste liquid in an electrolytic cell for electrolytic reaction, and the nitric acid is reduced to nitrogen and water or other useful compounds, and these products are collected and processed.
The methods for recovering nitric acid after tungsten nitrate precipitation mainly include distillation, extraction, adsorption and electrochemical methods. The distillation method is simple to operate but has high energy consumption; the extraction method has relatively low energy consumption but requires the selection of a suitable extractant; the adsorption method has high flexibility but requires the design of a suitable adsorption system; the electrochemical method is environmentally friendly but has high technical requirements. When choosing a recovery method, various factors should be considered comprehensively according to the actual situation, such as cost, energy consumption, technical requirements, etc.
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