The strong acids commonly used in the extraction process of tungsten ore mainly include the following:
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric acid tungsten refining is one of the most common processes, which utilizes sulfuric acid to decompose tungstate ores and convert tungsten minerals into soluble tungstate. For example, when dealing with wolframite ore, the conditions of the sulfuric acid leaching process can be set as sulfuric acid concentration of 3.75 mol-L-1, liquid-solid ratio of 25 ml-g-1, temperature of 100°C, and time of 5h, in which the dosage of sulfuric acid is 14 times of the theoretical dosage.
Hydrochloric acid
Although sulfuric acid is more commonly used in tungsten ore extraction, hydrochloric acid has also been used as a desorbent for desorbing metal ions, such as Mn2+ and Fe3+, from the resin in some specific cases. However, hydrochloric acid is less effective at desorbing Fe^3+ and usually needs to be used in combination with other desorbents such as EDTA-2Na.
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrofluoric acid is also used as one of the strong acids for tungsten extraction in some processes, but is used relatively rarely due to its toxicity and environmental impact. It is important to note that while strong acids play a key role in the tungsten extraction process, their use also poses a number of environmental and safety challenges. It is therefore important to take appropriate safety measures during the extraction process and to ensure proper disposal of wastewater and sludge to minimize the impact on the environment and human beings.
To summarize, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are the strongest acids most commonly used in tungsten ore extraction processes, while hydrofluoric acid is also used under certain specific circumstances. However, these strong acids must be used with caution to ensure the safety and environmental friendliness of the production process.
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