Determination of the solubility of ammonium metatungstate can be done according to the following steps. Below are the relevant figures and information of the steps in clear, point-by-point representation and summarization:
- Preparation stage
Material preparation: Prepare an accurate balance for weighing the ammonium metatungstate sample, volumetric flasks, pipettes, stirrers (e.g. magnetic stirrer), thermometers, filters, and drying equipment.
Solvent preparation: Choose a suitable solvent (e.g. deionized water) and control its temperature. For aqueous solutions, it is usually controlled at 25°C ± 5°C.
Record conditions: Record the experimental conditions in detail, such as temperature, humidity, type of solvent, etc.
- Dissolution experiments
Weighing the sample: Use a balance to accurately weigh a certain amount of ammonium metatungstate sample and record its mass (assumed to be m grams).
Preparation of solution: Add the weighed sample of ammonium metatungstate to a known volume (assumed to be V ml) of solvent.
Stirring to dissolve: Stir the solution using a stirrer to ensure that the ammonium metatungstate is completely dissolved.
- Filtration and drying
Filtration: If undissolved solids are present in the solution, filter using a filter.
Drying (if applicable): If a subsequent solubility determination by drying is required, the filtered solution is dried to constant weight. However, this step may not be necessary for common solubility determinations.
- Determination of concentration
Sampling: take a portion of the dissolved solution (usually by pipetting an exact volume).
Determination of concentration: Determine the concentration of ammonium metatungstate in the sampled solution according to the chosen determination method (e.g. gravimetric method, titrimetric method, etc.).
- Calculation of solubility
Calculation: Calculate the solubility of ammonium metatungstate under the condition based on the mass of the solute and the volume of the solvent. For example, if the mass of ammonium metatungstate in the sampling solution is m1 grams and the sampling volume is V1 milliliters, the solubility S (in grams/100 milliliters) can be expressed as S = (m1/V1) × (V/m) × 100.
- Precautions
Precise measurement: Make sure that all measurement steps are as precise as possible to minimize errors.
Temperature control: Since the solubility is greatly affected by temperature, the temperature should be strictly controlled during the experiment.
Solvent selection: Select the appropriate solvent for the measurement according to the actual need.
- Generalization and conclusion
Through the above steps, the solubility of ammonium metatungstate under specific conditions can be determined accurately.
The solubility data are of great significance for understanding the solubility performance of ammonium metatungstate and formulating relevant process parameters.
Please note that the above steps are a generalized solubility determination method, and the specific experimental steps may vary depending on the experimental conditions and equipment. In actual operation, adjustments should be made according to specific conditions.
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