The chemical reaction equation for the preparation of ammonium metatungstate (AMT) from ammonium paratungstate (APT) is not a straightforward conversion process, but can usually be achieved by the thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate by heating. This process involves a complex series of physical and chemical changes rather than a single chemical reaction equation. However, in order to explain the process more clearly, we can break it down into a few key steps and try to describe them in words.
Ammonium paratungstate (APT) is converted to ammonium metatungstate (AMT) by losing some of its ammonia and water of crystallization under heating conditions. This process is a thermal decomposition reaction which can be roughly described as:
Ammonium paratungstate (APT) for the preparation of ammonium metatungstate
Ammonium paratungstate (APT), whose molecular formula varies under different crystallization conditions, can generally be expressed as (NH₄)ₙWₘO₄ₚ-xH₂O.
Thermal decomposition of ammonium metatungstate prepared from ammonium paratungstate (APT)
Under the condition of heating to 200~280°C, ammonium paratungstate loses part of ammonia and water of crystallization and is converted into ammonium metatungstate.
Products of ammonium metatungstate prepared from ammonium paratungstate (APT)
Ammonium metatungstate (AMT), whose molecular formula can be expressed as (NH₄)₆H₂W₁₂O₄₀-yH₂O, in which y denotes the number of water molecules bound, which may be varied according to the preparation conditions.
During thermal decomposition, ammonium sec-tungstate may first be converted into intermediate products, and the specific form and quantity of these intermediate products depend on the temperature, time and other conditions of thermal decomposition.
As the thermal decomposition proceeds, the intermediate products are gradually converted into ammonium metatungstate.
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