Surface oxygen vacancies in WO3 (tungsten trioxide) find broad applications across various fields due to their unique effects on the material’s properties. Key applications include:
- Photocatalysis
- Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Surface oxygen vacancies significantly enhance WO3’s light absorption and provide more active sites, making it highly effective in degrading organic pollutants. For example, WO3 nanosheet arrays can efficiently break down pollutants like benzene, phenol, and formaldehyde, achieving high removal rates. - Photocatalytic Sterilization
The presence of oxygen vacancies improves the separation of photogenerated carriers, boosting WO3’s photocatalytic activity and making it a promising material for sterilization applications.
- Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants
- Energy Storage
- Battery Materials
Nanoscale WO3 with surface oxygen vacancies enhances energy conversion efficiency and cycle life when used as a battery additive. The vacancies increase the material’s specific surface area and defect density, improving adsorption capacity and charge transfer rate. This also enhances WO3’s conductivity, reducing internal resistance and improving power output. - Aluminum-Ion Batteries
In aluminum-ion batteries, WO3-x (oxygen-deficient WO3) serves as a highly stable anode material with superior charge storage capacity. The presence of oxygen vacancies increases its electrochemical activity, leading to improved storage performance.
- Battery Materials
- Water Treatment
- Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
WO3 nanosheet arrays are promising for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Their surface oxygen vacancies enable interactions with oxygen molecules under UV light, generating hydroxyl radicals (·OH) that help degrade organic pollutants and harmful metal ions in water.
- Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
- Other Fields
- Sensors
WO3’s surface oxygen vacancies are sensitive to changes in the environment, making it suitable for high-performance sensors, including gas and biosensors. - Catalytic Reactions
In catalytic applications, surface oxygen vacancies serve as active sites that promote the adsorption and transformation of reactants, thereby increasing catalytic efficiency.
- Sensors
WO3 surface oxygen vacancies have wide-ranging applications in photocatalysis, energy storage, water treatment, and sensor technology. As research progresses, the application potential of WO3 surface oxygen vacancies is expected to expand even further.
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