The crystal structure of tungsten oxide (WO3) changes with temperature, and the conditions for its transformation into the triclinic phase are primarily temperature-dependent. Based on publicly available information, tungsten trioxide may transform into the triclinic phase under the following temperature conditions:
Conditions for Tungsten Oxide to Become Triclinic
Temperature Range
Within the temperature range of -50°C to 17°C, tungsten trioxide may appear as the triclinic phase. This temperature range is derived from the general trend of tungsten oxide crystal structure changes with temperature.
Overview of Crystal Structure Changes
The transformation of tungsten trioxide’s crystal structure with temperature can be summarized as follows:
- -50°C to 17°C: Triclinic phase, characterized by the absence of higher-order symmetry axes, secondary axes, and symmetry planes. Some may have a symmetry center, while others may not have any.
- 17°C to 330°C: Monoclinic phase, which is the most common structure of tungsten trioxide. The monoclinic phase is a white powdery or fine granular crystalline form, with symmetry characteristics that lack higher-order axes, and have no more than one secondary symmetry axis or plane.
- 330°C to 740°C: Orthorhombic phase, characterized by the absence of higher-order symmetry axes, but with a total of at least three secondary symmetry axes and planes.
- Above 740°C: Tetragonal phase (also referred to as square crystal phase), which features a 4-fold symmetry axis, with the C axis being the vertical symmetry axis of the crystal, and the other two horizontal symmetry axes perpendicular to the C axis.
Notes
It is important to note that the temperature ranges mentioned above are based on general observations. The actual transformation temperature may be influenced by preparation conditions, sample purity, heating rate, and other factors. The transformation of the crystal structure of tungsten oxide is a dynamic process and may be accompanied by changes in its physical and chemical properties. Therefore, these factors should be carefully considered in research and applications.
In summary, tungsten oxide may transform into the triclinic phase within the temperature range of -50°C to 17°C. However, the exact transformation temperature should be determined based on experimental conditions and sample characteristics.More details of tungsten oxide product, please visit website: tungsten-oxide.com
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