The 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide exhibits a series of unique features in terms of crystal structure, electronic characteristics, and related properties, making it a subject of great concern in the field of materials science.
In terms of the crystal structure, the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide has a distorted octahedral coordination structure, which is significantly different from the common 1T phase and 2H phase. In the 1T’ phase, the regular octahedral coordination of the six sulfur atoms around the tungsten atom is distorted and deformed. This distortion leads to a decrease in the crystal symmetry and forms a unique structural feature. Different from the ideal octahedral coordination of the 1T phase and the hexagonal layered structure of the 2H phase, the structural distortion of the 1T’ phase causes changes in the bond lengths and bond angles between atoms, and then affects the electron cloud distribution and interaction within the crystal. For example, the distorted structure may cause the distances between some atoms to shorten or increase, changing the strength and directionality of the covalent bonds, and having a chain reaction on the electrical, mechanical, and other properties of the material.
In terms of electronic characteristics, the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide shows special electrical behavior. Due to the distortion of the crystal structure, its electronic structure changes significantly. Different from the metallic properties of the 1T phase, the 1T’ phase exhibits insulating or semiconductor properties and has a unique electronic energy band structure. This special energy band structure makes the 1T’ phase have potential advantages in some electronic device applications. For example, in some circuit components that require precise control of electron transmission and isolation performance, the insulating or semiconductor properties of the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide can be utilized to achieve specific functions. In addition, the electronic state of the 1T’ phase is relatively sensitive to external stimuli, such as an electric field, a magnetic field, or light irradiation. When subjected to external stimuli, its electronic structure may change, leading to changes in electrical performance, which provides possibilities for its application in the field of sensors. For example, in a photoelectric sensor, the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide can detect and convert light signals through the change of its photo-induced electronic structure.
In terms of related properties, the mechanical properties of the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide are also affected by the distortion of the crystal structure. Compared with the 2H phase with a relatively regular structure, the distorted structure of the 1T’ phase may lead to different deformation mechanisms when subjected to external forces. Due to the changes in the bond lengths and bond angles between atoms, when the 1T’ phase is subjected to external forces, the interaction and sliding mode between atoms are different from those of the 2H phase, and it may show different hardness, elastic modulus, and fatigue resistance. In terms of chemical stability, the special structure of the 1T’ phase of tungsten disulfide makes its chemical activity different from other phases. Due to the change in the coordination environment and electron cloud distribution of surface atoms, the 1T’ phase has different adsorption and reaction abilities for some chemical substances. For example, in some corrosive environments, the 1T’ phase may show different corrosion resistance from the 2H phase and 1T phase. This needs to be comprehensively considered in practical applications, such as in the coating of chemical equipment, to select the appropriate phase of the material according to its chemical stability.
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