Mohs hardness ranks a material’s scratch resistance on a 1-10 scale. For WS₂, it is approximately 1-2, reflecting its softness due to weak interlayer van der Waals bonding. This places it between talc (1) and gypsum (2), similar to MoS₂ (~1-1.5) and graphite (~1-2). The low value arises from easy layer cleavage, not intralayer W-S bond strength, which is robust but irrelevant to scratching.
Testing involves scratching WS₂ with reference minerals; it resists talc but yields to gypsum, confirming its range. Variability exists: bulk WS₂ leans toward 1.5-2, while powders or films may test lower (~1) due to loose packing. Nanostructures (e.g., fullerenes) might appear slightly harder (~2-3) due to structural reinforcement, but Mohs is less precise for such forms. Compared to tungsten metal (~7.5), WS₂’s softness suits its lubricant role, not structural use.
Environmental factors like temperature or humidity have little effect below 510°C in air. The Mohs scale’s qualitative nature limits precision, but 1-2 captures WS₂’s behavior, guiding its application in low-abrasion contexts like coatings.
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