酸化法は、比較的簡単で低コストな産業用ルートの一つです。この方法の原理は、酸性条件下でタングステン酸塩を偏タングステン酸アンモニウムに転化させることです:
- 溶液の準備: タングステン酸ナトリウム(Na₂WO₄)を原料として使用し、水に溶解して溶液を作ります。
- 酸化反応: 酸(例えば、硝酸HNO₃または塩酸HCl)をゆっくりと加えて、pHを2-3に調整します。この時、タングステン酸イオンが多タングステン酸クラスターに集まり、AMTの前駆体が形成されます。
- 蒸発結晶化: 溶液を加熱して蒸発させ、温度を80-100°Cに制御し、AMTを析出させます。
- 後処理: 溶液をろ過、洗浄、乾燥してAMT粉末を得ます。
酸化法の反応は簡略化した化学式で表すことができます:
利点: 設備が簡単で、大規模生産に適しています。
欠点: 酸化過程で不純物(例えば残留Na⁺)が混入する可能性があり、追加の精製工程が必要です。また、酸の選択が結果に大きく影響します。硝酸は塩酸よりも揮発性が低く、残留物が少ないため、しばしば優先されます。
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