The melting point of molybdenum foil is 2623°C (2896 K), one of the highest among metals, surpassed only by tungsten (3422°C) and rhenium (3186°C), and far above aluminum (660°C) or copper (1085°C). This high melting point, due to strong metallic bonds and a body-centered cubic crystal structure, allows molybdenum foil to maintain structural integrity and mechanical properties (tensile strength 100-200 MPa) at extreme temperatures like 2000°C. This makes it ideal for high-temperature applications, such as sapphire crystal growth furnaces (~2000°C), vacuum furnace heating strips, and aerospace rocket nozzles. Melting point varies slightly with purity: high-purity foil (≥99.95%) nears the theoretical value due to minimal impurities, while low-purity foil (<99%) may be slightly lower (10-20°C) due to impurities (e.g., carbon, oxygen). Manufacturing processes (cold rolling, hot rolling, powder metallurgy) have minimal impact, though micropores or grain boundary defects may locally reduce heat resistance. Melting point is measured using high-temperature thermal analysis or laser melting, with ±5°C precision. Oxidation above 600°C, forming MoO₃, requires vacuum protection to maintain performance. Molybdenum foil’s high melting point ensures reliability in high-temperature processing and extreme conditions, making it ideal for furnaces, semiconductors, and aerospace.
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