Molybdenum crucibles and tungsten crucibles are refractory metal crucibles and are often used in high-temperature vacuum or inert atmosphere environments, they have some key differences in performance and application:
- Different melting points
Molybdenum crucible: melting point about 2623°C
Tungsten crucible: melting point about 3422°C (higher)
→ Tungsten crucible is suitable for more extreme high temperature environment.
- Different density
Molybdenum: about 10.2 g/cm³
Tungsten: about 19.3 g/cm³ (almost twice that of molybdenum)
→ Tungsten crucibles are heavier, denser and have greater thermal inertia.
- Processing performance
Molybdenum is easier to process and is suitable for the manufacture of complex structures.
Tungsten is harder and more brittle, making it more difficult and more expensive to process.
- Oxidation performance
Both are easily oxidized at high temperatures, but tungsten oxidizes faster at high temperatures and WO₃ volatiles are easily formed on the surface.
→ Generally, it needs to be used in vacuum or inert atmosphere.
- Cost and price
Molybdenum crucibles are relatively cheap, easy to process and cost-effective.
Tungsten crucibles are more expensive and are mostly used in special occasions with extremely high temperatures or requiring higher purity.
- Differences in application scenarios
Molybdenum crucible: sapphire growth, rare earth metal smelting, semiconductor packaging, etc.
Tungsten crucible: high temperature smelting (such as tantalum, niobium), high temperature evaporation coating, preparation of special military materials, etc.
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