Table of contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
1.2 Development History of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
1.3 Application Status of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
1.4 Application industries of MoSi₂ heating elements
Chapter 2 Characteristics of MoSi₂ Heating Elements and Their Influencing Factors
2.1 Physical properties of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.2 Resistivity of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
2.3 High temperature resistance characteristics of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.4 High temperature oxidation resistance of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.5 Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.6 Thermal shock stability of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.7 Thermal shock stability of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.8 Thermal fatigue performance of MoSi₂ heating elements
2.9 Surface state of MoSi₂ heating element
2.9.1 Commonly used protective coating types
2.9.2 Study on surface cracks and coating adhesion
2.9.3 Formation and protection of surface SiO₂ oxide film
2.10 Surface problems of MoSi₂ heating elements and their solutions
2.11 Factors Affecting Thermodynamic Properties of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
2.11.1 Effect of operating temperature
2.11.2 Influence of atmosphere
2.11.3 Effect of heating/cooling frequency
2.11.4 Influence of operating voltage
2.11.5 Effect of current density
2.11.6 Impact of installation method
2.11.7 Impact of Component Quality and Purity
2.11.8 Effect of coating protection treatment
2.12 CTIA GROUP LTD MoSi₂ Heating Element MSDS
Chapter 3 Structure and Design of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
3.1 Common structures of MoSi₂ heating elements
3.1.1 U-shaped MoSi₂ heating element
3.1.2 W-type MoSi₂ heating element
3.1.3 Spiral MoSi₂ Heating Element
3.1.4 Straight rod type MoSi₂ heating element
3.1.5 Comparison of U-shaped, W-shaped and straight structural designs
3.2 Size design of MoSi₂ heating element (common ones are Φ6/12 and Φ9/18)
3.3 Optimal design of thermal field and cold end structure
3.4 Electrical connection and support system design
3.5 Terminal structure and connection method
3.6 Key points of product customization design
Chapter 4 Manufacturing Process of MoSi₂ Heating Element
4.1 Raw material selection and proportioning principles
4.2 Powder Metallurgy and Isostatic Pressing Process
4.3 High temperature sintering and post-processing technology
4.4 Surface protection layer technology
4.5 Welding and end processing technology
Chapter 5 Performance Test of MoSi₂ Heating Element
5.1 Resistivity and temperature relationship test
5.2 Test on the relationship between high temperature service life and thermal shock performance
5.3 Stability test in oxidative environment
5.4 Hardness test of heating element
5.5 Test on the relationship between oxidation resistance and temperature
5.6 Relationship between rod surface roughness and resistivity
5.7 Effect of rod coating uniformity on service life
5.8 Relationship between service life and stress coupling
5.9 Cracking, bending and end ablation mechanisms
5.10 Microstructure Analysis and Failure Mode Study
Chapter 6 Installation of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
6.1 Pre-installation preparations
6.2 Detailed Installation Steps
6.3 Installation Notes
6.4 Safety Operation Specifications
6.5 Common Faults and Maintenance Guide
6.5.1 Causes and solutions for heating element breakage
6.5.2 Causes of oxide layer peeling and regeneration treatment
6.5.3 Daily maintenance methods for heating elements
6.5.4 Heating element replacement and recycling technology
6.6 Typical installation methods in industrial furnaces
Chapter 7 Testing Standards and Certification of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
7.1 Heating element performance test method
7.2 Analysis of ISO, ASTM and other standards
7.3 Environmental adaptability test
7.4 Failure Modes and Life Prediction Methods
7.5 Safety and electrical code requirements
Chapter 8 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements
8.1 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Metallurgical Industry
8.1.1 Metal smelting and heat treatment
8.1.2 High temperature sintering process
8.1.3 Heat treatment equipment
8.2 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Ceramic Industry
8.2.1 Ceramic firing and glazing
8.2.2 Preparation of special ceramic materials
8.3 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Photovoltaic Industry
8.3.1 High-temperature process for silicon wafer manufacturing
8.3.2 Solar cell production equipment
8.4 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Semiconductor Industry
8.4.1 Wafer Annealing and Diffusion Process
8.4.2 Semiconductor Epitaxial Growth
8.4.3 High temperature etching equipment
8.4.4 Vacuum coating equipment
8.5 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Glass Manufacturing Industry
8.5.1 Glass melting
8.5.2 Glass processing
8.6 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in the Preparation of New Energy Materials
8.6.1 Sintering of Lithium Battery Materials
8.6.2 Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells
8.7 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Environmental Protection and Catalysis
8.7.1 Waste gas treatment
8.7.2 Catalyst regeneration
8.7.3 Solid waste resource utilization
8.8 Application of MoSi₂ Heating Elements in Other Fields
8.8.1 Aerospace Materials Testing
8.8.2 Nuclear industry auxiliary equipment
8.8.3 High temperature synthetic chemistry
8.8.4 MoSi₂ Rod Transformer
Chapter 9 Comparison of MoSi₂ Heating Elements with Other Heating Materials
9.1 Comparison with tungsten heating elements
9.2 Comparison with Silicon Carbide Components
9.3 Analysis of heating element cost, efficiency and application suitability
Chapter 10 Relevant Standards and Specifications for MoSi₂ Heating Elements
10.1 Chinese National Standard for MoSi₂ Heating Elements
10.2 International Standards for MoSi₂ Heating Elements
10.3 MoSi₂ Heating Element Standards in Europe, America, Japan, Korea and Other Countries
appendix:
Glossary
References
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of MoSi2 Heating Elements
Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi₂) is an intermetallic compound with the chemical formula MoSi₂ . It has a high melting point (about 2030℃), excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, and good electrical and thermal conductivity. It is widely used in the field of high-temperature heating because it has the characteristics of both metal and ceramic. As a resistive heating material, molybdenum disilicide heating elements are mainly used in electric heating equipment under high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere. A dense silicon dioxide (SiO₂) protective film will be generated on its surface at high temperature, which effectively prevents further internal oxidation, thereby extending the service life. MoSi₂ heating elements can work stably in the temperature range of 500-1850℃, and are suitable for industrial and scientific research fields such as ceramic sintering, glass melting, metal heat treatment, high-temperature sintering, and laboratory high-temperature furnaces. Compared with other heating materials such as silicon carbide (SiC), molybdenum disilicide has a higher operating temperature and better high-temperature oxidation resistance, but its low-temperature brittleness and high-temperature creep performance limitations also limit some structural applications. Currently, MoSi2 heating elements have various shapes, including U-shape, W-shape, L-shape and customized shapes, which can widely meet the needs of different industrial furnaces.
1.2 Development History of MoSi2 Heating Elements
The study of molybdenum disilicide as a high-temperature material began in the early 20th century, but its application as a heating element began in the mid-20th century. In 1904, scientists first reported the crystal structure of MoSi₂ and confirmed that it was a tetragonal α-type crystal with a high melting point and the characteristics of an intermetallic compound. However, due to the limitations of preparation technology and material purity at the time, MoSi₂ was mainly used as a laboratory research object rather than an industrial material. In the 1930s, with the in-depth research on high-temperature alloys and ceramic materials, MoSi₂ began to attract attention due to its excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and conductivity. Researchers found that the SiO₂ protective film formed on the surface of MoSi₂ in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere can significantly improve its durability, which laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of heating elements.
READ MORE: What Is MoSi2 Heating Element
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