The elastic modulus of black tungsten wire (primarily composed of tungsten) typically ranges between 350 GPa and 410 GPa, with the specific value depending on the tungsten’s purity, processing techniques, and testing conditions. Below are the key details:
Theoretical Range:
- The theoretical elastic modulus of pure tungsten is approximately 411 GPa (based on materials science handbook data). However, actual black tungsten wire may have a slightly lower value, commonly ranging from 350–400 GPa, due to potential trace impurities or residual stresses from processing.
Influencing Factors:
- Purity: Impurities (e.g., oxygen, carbon) can reduce the elastic modulus.
- Processing Techniques: Cold drawing or heat treatment alters the crystal structure, affecting the modulus.
- Temperature: The elastic modulus decreases significantly at high temperatures (e.g., it may drop to approximately 300 GPa at 1000°C).
Typical Application Values:
- In practical applications such as light bulb filaments, the elastic modulus of black tungsten wire is typically designed to be in the range of 370–400 GPa to balance strength and toughness.
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