The fatigue fracture modes of tungsten wires mainly include the following:
- Static load delayed fracture (static load fatigue)
Occurrence conditions: Under static load conditions, a time-related low-stress brittle fracture caused by environmental effects (such as corrosion, temperature, neutron irradiation, etc.).
Fracture characteristics: Including stress corrosion fracture, hydrogen embrittlement, creep fracture, etc. These fractures are usually time-related and occur at lower stress levels.
- Thermal stress fatigue fracture
Occurrence conditions: When the tungsten wire is working in the bulb, the temperature is very high, usually reaching 2500~3000°C. Every time the bulb is lit and extinguished, the tungsten wire will undergo a heating and cooling process, causing it to expand and contract continuously.
Fracture characteristics: In the thinner area of tungsten wire, repeated thermal expansion and contraction will cause metal fatigue and cause fracture. This type of fracture usually occurs in the weaker part of the tungsten wire, and the fracture surface may be relatively smooth, indicating that it occurs under repeated stress.
- Mechanical stress fatigue fracture
Occurrence conditions: Mechanical stress fatigue fracture may occur when the tungsten wire is subjected to external vibration, impact or load exceeding its maximum bearing capacity.
Fracture characteristics: Fracture usually occurs in areas of stress concentration, such as the bending part or connection point of the tungsten wire. The fracture surface may show the characteristics of brittle fracture, with obvious crack extension marks.
- Corrosion fatigue fracture
Occurrence conditions: Tungsten wire will be corroded in a humid and severely corrosive environment, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the tungsten wire rope and eventually fracture. Common corrosion factors include seawater, acid rain, sun and rain.
Fracture characteristics: Corrosion fatigue fracture is usually accompanied by the formation and accumulation of corrosion products, which may accelerate the fracture process of the tungsten wire. The fracture surface may appear as the result of the combined action of corrosion and mechanical stress.
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