The chemical properties of molybdenum foil are characterized by its chemical stability, oxidation resistance, and reactivity with various substances. At room temperature, molybdenum is chemically stable, resisting reactions with water, dilute acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid), or alkalis (e.g., sodium hydroxide), showing good corrosion resistance. However, at high temperatures (above 600°C) in oxidizing environments, molybdenum reacts with oxygen, forming volatile MoO₃, which degrades surface quality, necessitating use in vacuum or inert gases (e.g., nitrogen, argon). Molybdenum is sensitive to oxidizing acids (e.g., concentrated nitric acid, hot concentrated sulfuric acid), corroding easily, but resists hydrofluoric acid and non-oxidizing acids well. At high temperatures, molybdenum reacts with halogens (e.g., chlorine, fluorine), forming volatile halides, so such environments should be avoided. Molybdenum resists corrosion from molten metals (e.g., aluminum, magnesium) but is susceptible to molten alkali metals (e.g., sodium, potassium). At high temperatures, reactions with non-metals like carbon or sulfur form carbides or sulfides, affecting performance. High-purity molybdenum (99.95%) offers better chemical stability, as impurities may cause localized corrosion. These properties make molybdenum foil ideal for vacuum furnaces, semiconductor manufacturing, and high-temperature electrodes, with protective measures tailored to the environment. In chemical industries, it is used in acid-resistant equipment, avoiding high-temperature oxidation or strong oxidants for long-term stability.
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