Molybdenum foil exhibits good corrosion resistance in specific environments but has limitations under certain conditions. At room temperature, it is inert to water, humidity, and most dilute acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid), outperforming iron and nearing stainless steel. It is also stable in alkaline solutions (e.g., sodium hydroxide, ammonia), resisting corrosion effectively. However, molybdenum foil is highly susceptible to oxidizing acids (e.g., concentrated nitric acid, hot concentrated sulfuric acid), corroding rapidly, and should avoid such exposure. Hydrofluoric acid causes minimal corrosion, showing good resistance. In high-temperature (above 600°C) oxidizing environments, molybdenum reacts readily with oxygen, forming volatile MoO₃, leading to surface deterioration and significantly reduced corrosion resistance, necessitating use in vacuum or inert gases (e.g., argon). Molybdenum resists corrosion from molten metals (e.g., aluminum, zinc) but is vulnerable to molten alkali metals (e.g., sodium, potassium). Halogen gases (e.g., chlorine) react with molybdenum at high temperatures, forming halides, so such environments should be avoided. High-purity molybdenum (99.95%) offers superior corrosion resistance, as impurities may trigger localized corrosion. Surface treatments like polishing reduce corrosion initiation sites, enhancing resistance. Its corrosion resistance suits chemical industry acid-resistant equipment, vacuum furnaces, and semiconductor manufacturing, but strong oxidizing or high-temperature oxidizing conditions require strict control to ensure stable performance.
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