Molybdenum crucibles can be manufactured entirely by powder metallurgy, which is a very common and efficient method in industrial production, especially suitable for manufacturing high-purity, large-size or special-structured molybdenum crucibles. Compared with traditional melting or forging processes, powder metallurgy has unique advantages, but it also has certain technical challenges.
- The basic process of powder metallurgy to manufacture molybdenum crucible:
Molybdenum powder preparation
High purity molybdenum powder is obtained by reduction method (such as molybdenum oxide hydrogen reduction).
The particle size is usually controlled at 1~5 μm and can be adjusted according to application needs.
Forming
The molybdenum powder is pressed into a blank body similar to the shape of a crucible by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) or mold pressing.
The pressure is generally 150–300 MPa, forming a preformed block with good density.
sintering
High temperature sintering (usually at 1800–2100 °C) is performed in vacuum or hydrogen atmosphere. ° C).
Sintering time depends on size and density requirements and is generally 2–5 hours.
molybdenum blank with certain strength and density is formed , and the density can reach more than 98%.
Post-processing (optional)
Machining: finishing the internal and external shapes and dimensions, removing sintering defects;
Annealing treatment: eliminate residual stress;
Welding/Assembly: For crucibles of large size or composite structure.
- Advantages of powder metallurgy molybdenum crucible:
High purity and strong control capability
The raw material powder can precisely control the impurity elements and is suitable for fields such as semiconductors and crystal growth that have extremely high purity requirements.
Can form complex structures
Such as thickened bottom, thin-walled cylinder, special-shaped crucible, etc., with high flexibility.
More controllable costs
It is especially suitable for batch production of small and medium-sized molybdenum crucibles, with high material utilization rate and saving of raw materials.
Uniform tissue structure
The grains inside the sintered body are fine, which is suitable for scenarios that require high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance.
- Challenges or limitations:
Density is slightly lower than wrought molybdenum (but can be improved by secondary hot isostatic pressing or heat treatment);
The larger the size, the more difficult it is to control the sintering deformation, and warping or uneven shrinkage is more likely to occur;
After sintering, machining is still required to adjust the size and surface, especially for precision applications;
The sintering process has high requirements on furnace body and atmosphere control, otherwise it is easy to introduce impurities or cause loose structure.
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