The electromagnetic and other special properties of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy are important features that distinguish it from ordinary alloys, and these properties make it irreplaceable in specific fields. Electromagnetic properties mainly include magnetic characteristics, electrical conductivity and resistivity, while other special properties include radiation resistance, etc. The performance of these properties is closely related to the alloy’s composition, microstructure and preparation process.
In terms of electromagnetic properties, magnetic characteristics are one of the prominent features of the alloy. Due to the presence of iron and nickel, two ferromagnetic elements, tungsten-nickel-iron alloy usually exhibits certain magnetism, and its magnetic permeability and saturation 磁感应强度 will vary with the composition ratio. Generally speaking, the higher the nickel-iron content, the more obvious the magnetism of the alloy. By adjusting the ratio of the two, the alloy can have soft magnetic properties, that is, it is easy to be magnetized in a magnetic field, and the magnetism basically disappears after removing the magnetic field. This property makes it suitable for manufacturing electromagnetic shielding components, magnetic cores of precision sensors, etc. Electrical conductivity and resistivity reflect the conductive capacity of the alloy. Tungsten has a high resistivity, while nickel and iron have relatively low resistivities. Therefore, the resistivity of the alloy will increase with the increase of tungsten content, usually between 15 – 30 μΩ・cm. This moderate resistivity makes it applicable in some scenarios requiring specific conductive properties, such as electrode materials in electronic equipment.
Among other special properties, radiation resistance is the most prominent. Tungsten, as a high atomic number element, has a strong absorption capacity for X-rays, γ-rays, etc., and the high proportion of tungsten in tungsten-nickel-iron alloy endows it with excellent radiation shielding effect. Compared with traditional lead shielding materials, this alloy not only has better shielding performance, but also is non-toxic, more friendly to the environment and human body, so it is widely used in medical radiation equipment, nuclear reactor shielding layers, radiation protection of spacecraft and other fields. In addition, the high density characteristic of the alloy also enhances its radiation resistance, which can effectively block the penetration of high-energy particles.
The comprehensive performance of these properties makes tungsten-nickel-iron alloy have unique advantages in electromagnetic equipment, nuclear industry, medical treatment and other fields. By optimizing the composition design and preparation process, its electromagnetic properties and special properties can be regulated to meet the precise needs of different scenarios and further expand its application range.
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