The hardness and wear resistance of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy are indispensable performance indicators in mechanical applications, enabling it to maintain a good working state in environments subject to friction and wear. In terms of hardness, the Rockwell hardness (HRC) of the alloy is usually between 25 and 45, and the specific value is affected by the composition ratio and preparation process. The high proportion of tungsten particles is the key to the alloy’s high hardness. Tungsten itself has a Mohs hardness of about 7.5, forming a hard skeleton in the alloy, while the nickel-iron binding phase, although relatively low in hardness, improves the overall ability of the alloy to resist deformation and indentation through close combination with tungsten particles. When the alloy is subjected to external extrusion or friction, the hard tungsten particles can effectively block the invasion of external objects and reduce surface damage.
Wear resistance is the result of the combined action of hardness and the internal structure of the material. Tungsten-nickel-iron alloy, relying on its high hardness, is not easy to be worn on the surface when in contact with other objects and has relative movement. At the same time, its dense microstructure reduces pores and defects, avoiding material spalling caused by stress concentration at pores during wear. During friction, tungsten particles, as hard wear-resistant phases, bear the main friction load, while the nickel-iron binding phase prevents the falling off of tungsten particles through its own plastic deformation and firm fixation of tungsten particles, thus prolonging the wear life of the alloy.
In practical applications, these properties make it suitable for manufacturing various wear-resistant components, such as bearings and gears in precision instruments, wear-resistant joints in oil drilling equipment, and wear-resistant inserts in mold manufacturing. In these scenarios, the alloy can withstand friction, extrusion and other effects for a long time, reducing equipment failures and replacement frequency caused by wear, and improving the operation efficiency and service life of equipment. By adjusting the particle size and distribution of tungsten particles and optimizing the sintering process, the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy can be further improved to adapt to more severe wear environments.
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