The electrochromic mechanism of nano-tungsten trioxide (WO3) film is generally recognized as the intervalence transition theory, that is, due to the action of an external electric field, electrons and cations are injected into WO3 from both sides of the film at the same time, and the electrons are captured by W atoms to form a partial The metal ion M+ resides in this area to form a dark blue tungsten bronze compound Mx WO3. In Mx WO3, there are W ions of different valence states, and the transition of electrons between adjacent W atoms in different valence states leads to the color of WO3 film. Variety. The electrochemical process is shown in the following formula: WO3 (colorless) +xM+xeMx WO3 (dark blue).
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