Common types of shield machine tools include the following:
Leading knife: Generally conical or cylindrical, it has good drilling performance and is mainly used to excavate pilot holes and detect rock conditions. The leading knife generally chooses different shapes and materials according to different strata.
Cutting knife: This is one of the most widely used tools in shield tunneling machines. It is generally divided into carbide knives, carbide reamers and carbide inlaid knives. Different cutting tools are suitable for different strata and working conditions, and can be selected according to actual needs.
Support knife: The main function of this kind of knife is to support the shield body of the shield machine. Commonly used are rubber support knife, foam polyurethane support knife and hinged support knife. The shape and strength of the blade are usually selected according to the needs, and pay attention to Its matching with other knives.
Single-edge hob: It breaks rock by extrusion and has only one cutting edge. It is usually used for cutting hard rock and medium-hard rock.
Double-edged hob: It breaks rock by extrusion and has two cutting edges. It is usually used for cutting soft rock with a strength of less than 30MPa.
Front scraper: Uses shearing action to break rock. The blade angle is less than 90°. It is generally arranged on the edge of the cutterhead spoke plate.
Edge scraper: Uses shearing action to break rock. The blade angle is less than 90°. It is generally arranged on the edge of the cutterhead.
Tooth cutter: Uses shearing action to break rock. The blade angle is less than 90°. It is generally arranged on the front of the cutterhead and is used for cutting soft rock.
Leading knife: The blade angle is generally equal to 90°, and it is directly welded on the cutterhead panel. It is named because of its high protrusion, and it is named after it is inserted into the rock surface first.
Center knife: installed in the center of the cutterhead, with different shapes, only used in soft soil and soft rock cutterheads.
The above list is only some of the types of shield machine tools. Each type has its own usage conditions and specific application scenarios. The choice of which type of tool needs to be comprehensively considered based on the working conditions of the shield machine, geological conditions and other factors.
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